Monotone operators and “bigger conjugate” functions

We study a question posed by Stephen Simons in his 2008 monograph involving “bigger conjugate” (BC) functions and the partial infimal convolution. As Simons demonstrated in his monograph, these function have been crucial to the understanding and advancement of the state-of-the-art of harder problems in monotone operator theory, especially the sum problem. In this paper, we provide some tools for further analysis of BC–functions which allow us to answer Simons’ problem in the negative. We are also able to refute a similar but much harder conjecture which would have generalized a classical result of Brézis, Crandall and Pazy. Our work also reinforces the importance of understanding unbounded skew linear relations to construct monotone operators with unexpected properties. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 47A06, 47H05; Secondary 47B65, 47N10, 90C25